[70] The eyewitnesses were of two kinds: those from Husayn's side; and those from Ibn Sa'd's army. Ibn Sa'd approached the tents, and Husayn's sister Zaynab complained to him: "'Umar b. Sa'd, will Abu 'Abd Allah (the kunya of Husayn) be killed while you stand and watch? The armies met in January 685 at the three-day Battle of Ayn al-Warda in present-day northern Syria; most of the Tawwabin, including Ibn Surad, were killed. Studying Law at Maritime University of Raja Ali Haji. 2023, Turkish Authorities Arrested Bilal Gabra Photographer For Photoshoot at Ankara Mosque, Saudi Arabia to Issue Sharia-Compliant Bonds Worth Billions of Dollars, Debanking in the UK: Muslim Community Faces Financial Exclusion, Are Tattoos Haram or Halal? After the death of Yazid in November 683, the people of Iraq drove out the Umayyad governor Ibn Ziyad; the Tawwabin called on the people to avenge Husayn's death, attracting large-scale support. For this Article. Husayn and his companions remained without water for three days before a group of fifty men led by his half-brother Abbas was able to access the river. Captives of Karbal (Arabic: ) are the members of Ahl al-Bayt (a) and the families of some of the martyrs of Karbala who were captured by the Kufaian army led by Umar b. Sa'd during the Event of Karbala and after the martyrdom of Imam al-Husayn (a).They were taken to Kufa and then to Damascus.There are disagreements about the exact number of the captives. Can Muslims Do It? [67] Mukhtar's supporters survived the collapse of his revolution and evolved into a sect known as the Kaysanites. In that contest, al-Husayn ibn Ali, the Shi'i leader and grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, and his small party were massacred. [23][20] Nonetheless, Mu'awiya convinced the people of Mecca that the four had pledged their allegiance, and received allegiance from them for Yazid. Karbala | History, Battle, Meaning, & Significance Maisah is a Muslimah and journalist for The Islamic Information based in Indonesia. 2023 The Islamic Information - Duplication not allowed. Kill him, may your mothers be deprived of you! [39] Husayn told his men that they were all free to leave, with his family, under the cover of night, since their opponents only wanted him. May Allah Taala deal with them in the manner they deserve. [3] Ibn Sa'd stationed 500 horsemen on the route leading to the river. This was followed by duels[40] in which several of Husayn's companions were slain. Until the assassination of Ali ibn Abu Talib (r) the issue of succession to the Prophet had been decided through mutual consultation. It was defeated and Ibn Aqil was killed. [101] He is thus remembered as the prince of martyrs (Sayyed al-Shuhada). What Happened to Yazid After The Battle of Karbala? The death of the third imam and his followers marked the 'big bang' that created the rapidly expanding cosmos of Shi'ism and brought it into motion. [30], Husayn had considerable support in Kufa, which had been the caliphal capital during the reigns of his father and brother. [40][43] This was followed by cavalry attacks. #what_happened_after_karbala #shorts As we all know, Yazid ibn Muawiyah, commonly known as Yazid I was the second Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate who sent 4000-10,000 military troops led by Umar ibn Saad to fight the entourage of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)s grandson, Husayn ibn Ali (RA). This revenge is believed to be one of the fundamental objectives of the future revolution of the twelfth Shi'a Imam Muhammad al-Mahdi, whose return is awaited. [3] Following the battle, Husayn's clothes were stripped, and his sword, shoes and baggage were taken. [40] Similarly, Madelung and Wellhausen assert that the battle lasted from sunrise to sunset and that the overall account of the battle is reliable. [40] Husayn's speech moved Al-Hurr ibn Yazid Al-Tamimi to defect to his side. [161] The genre of marthiya (poems in the memory of the dead, with popular forms of Karbala related marthiya being rawda and nawha),[162] according to Persian scholar Wheeler Thackston, "was particularly cultivated by the Safavids. He remarked that Husayn would not submit because there was "a proud soul in him". "[48] The Umayyad soldiers then rushed Husayn and wounded him on his hand and shoulder. Battle ensued on 10 October during which Husayn was martyred along with most of his relatives and companions, while his surviving family members were taken prisoner. [93] M. Momen sides with Jafri, citing the reports that Husayn was warned about the collapse of the Shia revolt in Kufa. The people of Madina had heard of the tragedy of Karbala and the transgression of Ibn Ziyad and Yazid and decided to stand up against them. Shemr wanted to burn that one too, but was prevented by his companions. A few escaped to Kufa and joined Mukhtar. Ibn Sa'd cursed Shemr and accused him of foiling his attempts to reach a peaceful settlement but agreed to carry out the orders. Yazids army then headed to Makkah to subdue Ibn al-Zubayr, though, in fact, Ibn al-Zubayr had already established himself as the de facto leader of the region. South Indian rulers of Bijapur (Ali Adil Shah), and Golkonda Sultanate (Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah) were patrons of poetry and encouraged Urdu marthiya recitation in Muharram. [85], Wellhausen has described Husayn's revolt as a premature and ill-prepared campaign by an ambitious person. When Yazd learned of the rebellious attitude of the Shiah in Kfah, he sent Ubayd Allh, governor of Basra, to restore order. This event which is commemorated annually in the first 10 days of Muharram by Muslims globally is also unfortunately pushed aside by many Muslims in favour of upholding a tradition that is in contrast with the memory of this tragedy. "osayn b. Yazids sudden death in November 683 pushes his troops to end the blockade. After their horses were wounded by arrows, Husayn's cavalrymen dismounted and fought on foot. At a place known as Tan'im, he seized a caravan carrying dyeing plants and clothes sent by the governor of Yemen to Yazid. The battle helped secure the position of the Umayyad dynasty, but among Shii Muslims (followers of usayn) the 10th of Muarram (or shr) became an annual holy day of public mourning. What happened on the Day of Ashura? What happened after the battle of Karbala Imam Hussain | CABTV In this regard, Karbala and Muharram rituals came to be a vehicle of Safavid propaganda and a means of consolidating the dynasty's Shi'a identity. [149] Urdu poet Ghalib compares Husayn's suffering with that of Mansur al-Hallaj, a tenth century Sufi, who was executed on a charge of claiming divinity. Instead of changing his course, however, he pressed on toward Kufa, urging his supporters to leave him and save their lives. Husayn was killed in the Battle of Karbala in 680 after joining an uprising against the Umayyad caliphs. [32] Other early monographs on the death of Husayn, which have not survived, were written by al-Asbagh al-Nubata, Jabir ibn Yazid al-Ju'fi, Ammar ibn Mu'awiya al-Duhni, Awana ibn al-Hakam, al-Waqidi, Hisham ibn al-Kalbi, Nasr ibn Muzahim, and al-Mada'ini; of these al-Nubta's monograph was perhaps the earliest. Umar, Ubayd Allh, and Yazd came to be regarded by Als supporters as murderers, and their names have since been reviled by the Shiah. His son, Imam Mohammad Baqir, was two years old. [59] Mukhtar al-Thaqafi, another prominent pro-Alid of Kufa, attempted to dissuade the Tawwabin from this endeavor in favor of an organized movement to take control of the city, but Ibn Surad's stature as a companion of Muhammad and an old ally of Ali, prevented most of his followers from accepting Mukhtar's proposal. Hazrat Muwaviya divorced her, and she brought Yazid with her. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Life and Significance in Shiism", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Karbala&oldid=1170697301, Many of Husayn's family members taken prisoner, This page was last edited on 16 August 2023, at 16:52. [81], Based on an official report sent to caliph Yazid, which describes the battle very briefly, stating that it lasted for no longer than a siesta, Lammens concludes that there was no battle at all but a quick massacre that was over in an hour; he suggests that the detailed accounts found in the primary sources are Iraqi fabrications, since their writers were dissatisfied with their hero being killed without putting up a fight. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . [50] After his departure, members of the Banu Asad tribe, from the nearby village of Ghadiriya, buried the headless bodies of Husayn's companions. Humaid bin Muslim stopped him and said Are you trying to kill little children as well? When he heard this he stopped himself from killing Ali. Karbala, city, capital of Karbala muhafazah, central Iraq. [133], Karbala and Shi'a symbolism played a significant role in the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The Umayyad army was routed at the Battle of Khazir in August 686 and Ibn Ziyad was slain. [106] The soil of Karbala is considered to have miraculous healing effects. According to Julius Wellhausen, most of them regretted their actions in the battle and embellished the accounts of the battle in favor of Husayn in order to dilute their guilt. As long as Iraq was in Umayyad hands, the movement remained underground. majlis) are arranged in places reserved for this purpose, called husayniyya. [28] He arrived in Mecca at the beginning of May 680,[29] and stayed there until the beginning of September. Not remaining silent on this refusal, Yazid sent a force led by Ibn al-Zubayers brother, Amr, to arrest him. His cause of death cannot be ascertained due to the lack of information, but some opinions say he did not die well. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Dalip Frashri's Kopshti i te Mirevet is the earliest, and longest epic so far, written in the Albanian language; the Battle of Karbala is described in detail and Frashri eulogizes those who fell as martyrs, in particular Husayn. After noon prayers, Husayn's companions were encircled, and almost all of them were killed. Translated from Urdu by Amer Safir. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. It is said that before he died, he had distanced himself from his fathers actions and also expressed grief over the fate that befell Hussains entourage. When the daughters of Imam Husain (a.s) saw their fathers head they could not hold back and screamed out and cried. [19] Mu'awiya summoned a shura, or consultative assembly, in Damascus and persuaded representatives from many provinces to agree to his plan by diplomacy and bribes. [44], Since Umayyad forces could approach Husayn's army from the front only, Ibn Sa'd ordered the tents to be burned. [171] Sindhi Sufi poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai devoted a section in his Shah Jo Risalo to the death of Husayn, in which the incident is remembered in laments and elegies. [31] While in Mecca, Husayn received letters from pro-Alids in Kufa informing him that they were tired of the Umayyad rule, which they considered to be oppressive, and that they had no rightful leader. [164] It influenced similar works in Albanian on the subject. After negotiations with Husayn, Ibn Sa'd wrote to Ibn Ziyad that Husayn was willing to return. Omissions? [6] The ditch containing wood were set alight. The latter did so, summoning the chiefs of the tribes, making them responsible for the conduct of their people, and threatening reprisal. . Information on the battle found in the works of Dinawari and Ya'qubi is also based on Abu Mikhnaf's Maqtal,[32] although they occasionally provide some extra notes and verses. Karbala: history's long shadow - BBC News [80] Theophilus's history corroborates the death in battle of Husayn and most of his men at Karbala after suffering from thirst. The women who had accompanied usayn, including at least one of his wives, his sister Zaynab, and his surviving children, were taken first to Kfah and then across the desert to Yazd in Damascus. He was told that first he had to submit to Yazid's authority, which he refused to do. [46], The Umayyad soldiers hesitated to attack Husayn directly, but he was struck in the mouth by an arrow as he went to the river to drink.
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