2009) found that adolescents, when they are able to voice which themes and learning interests appeal to them, and when teachers take this into account in selecting (or letting the students select) the topics and assignments, may be supported in relating their education to their personal lives. Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet As one girl remarked: The good thing about [the program is that] we took so many classes on so many subjects. Language and Education, 25(2), 109127. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 43, 314321. In this brief spotlight feature, we have reviewed research that has examined variation in femininity/communion and masculinity/agency across the gender composition of peoples social contexts. Youth voice and positive identity-building practices: the case of ScienceGirls. Mulvey, K. L., & Killen, M. (2015). All the articles concerning in-breadth explorative learning experiences argued (Brickhouse 2001; Squire 2006; Stokes and Wyn 2007) or demonstrated (Barrett and Baker 2012; Bruin and Ohna 2013; Carlone et al. To accomplish this task, identity development is examined at various developmental stages including childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Human Development Identity Development during Adolescence Social and Emotional Development during Adolescence Learning Objectives: Social and Emotional Development in Adolescence Summarize the primary psychosocial task of adolescence - identity versus role confusion. Cultural Studies of Science Education, 4(2), 345371. Minimal groups increase young childrens motivation and learning on group-relevant tasks. Harvard. References Further Reading Boulder: Paradigm Publishers. International Journal of Science Education, 37(10), 15241546. Women's well-being initiative: creating, practicing, and sharing a border pedagogy for youth. 2011; Wortham 2006), perceived academic abilities (Landers 2013; Jethwani 2015), and/or gender (Jethwani 2015; Johnson et al. 2000; Cobb et al. In these school-related contexts, the contents of, respectively, the mathematics, student, musical, and social, personal and school identities that adolescents develop were examined. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Pauletti, R. E., Menon, M., Cooper, P. J., Aults, C. D., & Perry, D. G. (2017). Researchers are often unable to find reliable and reproducible gender differences across a number of gender-related constructs. Identity in the contemporary world - PubMed This program offered hands-on activities, scientist talks, visits to a museums behind the scenes research labs and collections, and field trips. Learner identity amid figured worlds: constructing (in)competence at an urban high school. (2011). Journal of Social Issues, 70, 115133. It is the awareness of the consistency in self over time, the recognition of this consistency by others (Erikson, 1980). Position 3: Integrated care. The gender affirmative model: What we know and what we aim to learn. Evnitskaya, N., & Morton, T. (2011). Being introduced to female role models convinced various girls that there was enough space for them in the STEM field, which appeared to stimulate the further exploration of their STEM-related identities. In this study, a positive relationship was found between the schools image as perceivably perceived by peers and students identification with school and learning. Hence, to delimit the scope of the review study, we did not select literature on identity-related concepts such as self-concept (Marsh 1990) or possible selves (Oyserman et al. 5681). Theoretical and conceptual models of gender as contextually malleable have been around since the late 1980s. An examination of in-group gender bias in childrens communication beliefs. Taylor and Francis Inc. Hidalgo, M. A., Ehrensaft, D., Tishelman, A. C., Clark, L. F., Garofalo, R., Rosenthal, S. M., Spack, N. P., & Olson, J. Scholars adopting sociocultural perspectives understand a persons identity to develop through this persons participation in various sociocultural contexts, such as home, school, and work (e.g., Holland et al. Indeed, Arnett's (2000) original proposal outlining emerging adulthood as a new period of the life course was in response to an increasingly drawn-out transitional period between adolescence and adulthood within industrialized societies, one driven by various social . However, the articles on the role of school in the development of these identity dimensions form an extensive research field that would require a separate literature review (see, e.g., a review study on the racial identity development of African-American adolescents by DeCuir-Gunby 2009). Ct, J. These analyses suggest that, overall, sexual orientation in homosexual people is 32% due to genetic factors, 25% due to family environment, and 43% due to specific environment. Kroger, J. Educational Researcher, 35(8), 1929. Bem, S. L. (1983). Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48, 19121923. Hence, the summer program appeared to have introduced the adolescents to a new topic that intrigued them, while providing them with insights into how they themselves could tackle environmental issues. Youth voices: connections between history, enacted culture and identity in a digital divide initiative. (2014). (2007). 2009) and mixed-methods (Wilmot 2014)studies in which no particular perspective on identity development was explicitly mentioned. Teachers College Record, 115(2), 136. Childrens dynamic gender identities across development and the influence of cognition, context, and culture. We refer to these experiences as reflective explorative learning experiences. Silseth, K., & Arnseth, H. (2011). British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 29, 288304. Hyde, J. (2016). However, other types of contexts such as physical context (e.g., home, school, and work) and activity context (playing competitive or cooperative games, volunteering, negotiating, etc.) Integrating the study of transgender spectrum and cisgender experiences of self-categorization from a personality perspective. In these two studies, teacher expectations appeared to be understood as making available fixed identity positions that adolescents may or may not endorse. As part of this identity formation . Mehta, C. M., Walls, C., Blood, E. A., & Shrier, L. A. In the, The article is devoted to understanding the problem of human self-determination in the modern social and cultural space, in which the question of personal identity becomes a search for one's own, For first-year university students developing and expressing themselves as learners is key for their future academic success. Oyserman, D., Bybee, D., & Terry, K. (2006). In other words, adolescents self-understandings connect their past, present, and future (e.g., Holland et al. The majority of studies (n=62) was based on data that were collected in the USA. adolescents' construction of identity through performance poetry. Google Scholar. Kornienko, O., Santos, C. E., Martin, C. L., & Granger, K. L. (2016). Literacy and identity. How students relate to the act of studying on a day-to-day basis, Kolowy Model Sposobow Ksztaltowania sie Tozsamoci: zalozenia teoretyczne i empiryczna weryfikacja, This chapter describes the origins and development of the identity statuses and provides a brief overview of studies into antecedent, concurrent, and consequent implications of the construct. Freire, S., Carvalho, C., Freire, A., Azevedo, M., & Oliveira, T. (2009). Being a mathematics learner: four faces of identity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13, 6770. An experimental study of the correlates and consequences of perceiving oneself to be the target of gender discrimination. (2006). Exploring relationships among boys and men: a retrospective, qualitative study of a multi-year community-based group mentoring program. A well-developed identity is comprised of goals, values, and beliefs to which a person is committed. On a more general level, people are thought to integrate these self-understandings into a learner identity, a student identity (the person one is in school, not exclusively concerning who one is as a learner), and a social identity (ones societal position in terms of superiority and inferiority). In the next sections, the findings that we distilled from the literature on the various educational processes through which adolescents identity development may be influenced will be discussed in relation to the theoretical perspectives on identity development that are employed in the selected articles (also see Table 2). Gender in context: Considering variability in Wood and Eaglys traditions of gender identity. Measuring implicit attitudes of 4-year-olds: The preschool implicit association test. Position 1: Survival orientation. Identity Development Theory | Lifespan Development - Lumen Learning International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 23(1), 5158. : A plea for theory bridging. Steele, C. M. (1997). Psychological Review, 88, 354364. Fields and Enyedy (2013) found that, even though the teacher of the programming class made the identity position of an attentive expert available to one of the students in this class, his peers refused to regard this student as such. Reimagining the role of school libraries in STEM education: creating hybrid spaces for exploration. Cultural Studies of Science Education, 4(1), 5166. Werking, K. (1997). They also asked the respondents about their identification with school and learning. In T. M. Holtgraves (Ed. Stangor, C., & Ruble, D. N. (1987). Learner identity. (2009). Identity development: adolescence through adulthood. Shields, S. A. Mere belonging: The power of social connections. Canadian Journal of Education, 37(1), 209232. Action that considers one's personal needs only. The development of sex differences. This scholarship has increasingly recognized the complexity and multidimensional nature of sexual identity development among both heterosexual and sexual . DeLay, D., Hanish, L. D., Zhang, L., & Martin, C. L. (2017). Of these qualitative studies, 60 reported longitudinal research. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 10(2), 7691. Introduction This article investigates the processes through which the formation of individual identities as embedded in a sense of collective identity have gone over many years to transform from, more or less, a stable sense of identification to an unstable and fragmented ways of constructing one's self-concept. The finding that adolescents may feel restricted in taking up certain identity positions because they are stigmatized by peers is also supported by Charlands (2010) ethnographic studyin which psychosocial perspective is adoptedas well as by tworespectively, ethnographic (Fletcher et al. ), The developmental social psychology of gender (pp. With regard to more circumscribed identity dimensions, the existing research was highly skewed towards studies on the development of adolescents STEM identities. 2014, p. 18). Endendijk, J. J., Andrews, N. C. Z., England, D. E., & Martin, C. L. (2018). ), Popularity in the peer system (pp. African-American youth and the artist's identity: cultural models and aspirational foreclosure. Finally, one theoretical (Brickhouse 2001) and various empirical studies in this group of literature (Barrett and Baker 2012; Bruin and Ohna 2013; Johnson et al. Developing a "leading identity": the relationship between students' mathematical identities and their career and higher education aspirations. 321). Differences and similarities in the use of the portfolio and personal development plan for career guidance in various vocational schools in the Netherlands. The process of social identity development in adolescent high school choral singers: a grounded theory. The process of identity development is both an individual and social phenomenon (Adams . Poetic expressions: students of color express resiliency through metaphors and similes. Responding to this state of affairs, feminist philosophical work on the self has taken three main tacks: (1) critiques of dominant modern, Western views of the self, (2) reclamations of feminine identities, and (3) reconceptualizations of the self as (a) a dynamic, relational individual beholden to unconscious desires and social bonds and (b) in. Smith observed that teachers explicitly stressed that honors students were expected to work hard, to do more, and be more integer than other students. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 60(1), 7591. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 47, 207221. First, only articles using the term identity were included in the review study. (2004). One student for example noted, It helps to talk about this kind of stuff cause this isnt stuff we talk about in school. Martin, C. L. (2000). Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 46, 709724. Reflexive modernization. (2010). Shifting perspectives to learning, instruction and teaching (pp. Even though learning experiences are often not referred to as such in the literature, our analysis of the existing body of research caused us to distinguish between in-breadth, in-depth, and reflective explorative learning experiences that all, in their own way, support adolescents in exploring who they are and want to be. Thousand Oaks: SAGE. Brickhouse, N. W., Lowery, P., & Schultz, K. (2000). Four of the articles that adopt a sociocultural perspective on identity development demonstrated, based on classroom observations and teacher interviews, that teachers may have rather persistent expectations of adolescents through which certain identity positions are made available or unavailable (Berg 2010; Rubin 2007; Vetter 2010; Wortham 2006). Exploring student identity in an intercultural web-assisted scientific inquiry project. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 109, 187200. Bottrell reported, based on youth center observations and students interviews, stories of adolescents who shared that they experienced their teachers in formal education to distinguish, without formal differentiation, between more and less successful students. Lawrence Erlbaum. Frontiers | Beyond the Impasse - Reflections on Dissociative Identity Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44, 11771213. Google Scholar. To examine this, Marcouyeux and Fleury-Bahi (2011) asked 542 high school students in France, through surveys, about how they think adolescents from other schools would perceive the respondents school in terms of prestige and the quality of education. However, students shared in their questionnaires and interviews that they felt it was not really possible to engage in class as someone who is becoming a good reader. Below, we briefly review research studies that have conceptualized and investigated femininity/communion and masculinity/agency as contextually malleable, state variables. (1997). Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 47(10), 12091228. Afterschool Matters, Fall, 20, 1320. Language Teaching, 48(3), 373389. Crafting a future in science: tracing middle school girls' identity work over time and space. ), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. Weisgram, E. S., Watson, E., & Zmudzinski, C. (2009, April). Obscuring power structures in the physics classroom: linking teacher positioning, student engagement, and physics identity development. Anderson, R. (2007). Master, A., & Walton, G. M. (2013). Vetter, A. M., Fairbanks, C., & Ariail, M. (2011). Psychosocial perspectives are often adopted by scholars whose main focus is on the internal, psychological processes of a persons identity development (e.g., Negru-Subtirica et al. Constructing pupil identity: personhood and ability. Pickard, J., & Strough, J. Measuring sex differences and similarities. Yet, a survey study by Pfeiffer et al. 2012) or indicated (Basu et al. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds. Here, it should be noted that identity exploration, which is understood by scholars who adopt a psychosocial perspective on identity development as the questioning of already present identifications through triggering frictions and some discomfort that allow for the (re-)evaluation of childhood identifications (Erikson 1968; Kroger 2007; Marcia 1993; Sinai et al. The lenses of gender: Transforming the debate on sexual inequality. Whereas some articles focused on one of these educational processes, others concerned the role of various processes (also see Table 2). Cognitive mechanisms in childrens gender stereotyping: Theoretical and educational implications of a cognitive-based intervention. Shutts, K., Banaji, M. R., & Spelke, E. S. (2010). It may be that masculinity normsthat encourage men to reject stereotypically feminine activities and behaviors (Bosson & Michniewicz, 2013)lead men to exhibit and endorse low levels of femininity/communion and higher levels of masculinity when they are with other men (Mehta & Dementieva, 2017). Huston, A. C. (1983). Self and Identity, 1, 535576. Again, this study, together with the other sociocultural or related studies that concern in-depth explorative learning experiences, stresses the importance of hands-on and on-site learning experiences to support adolescents in making identity commitments. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 26(5), 495511. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105, 425442. Edwards-Groves, C., & Murray, C. (2008). Journal of Asian Pacific Communication, 19(1), 130161. Certain groups of students may experience to have different opportunities in relation to which they can develop their identities (as indicated by their engagement and/or self-understandings), which may either foster or hinder their identity development.
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